structured literacy vs science of reading

2 min read 03-09-2024

structured literacy vs science of reading

In the evolving landscape of education, the terms structured literacy and science of reading frequently arise in discussions about effective reading instruction. While they are related concepts, they each bring unique perspectives and methodologies to the table. This article will explore both approaches and their implications for literacy education.

What is Structured Literacy?

Structured Literacy is an instructional approach that emphasizes systematic, explicit teaching of reading and writing. It is particularly beneficial for students with dyslexia or other reading difficulties, but it can be effective for all learners. Key components of structured literacy include:

1. Phonology

Understanding the sound system of language is crucial. Structured literacy teaches phonemic awareness and the relationships between sounds and letters.

2. Orthography

This aspect focuses on the written form of language, including spelling patterns and rules. Structured literacy provides systematic instruction in how words are constructed.

3. Morphology

Morphological awareness involves understanding the structure of words and how prefixes, suffixes, and root words contribute to meaning.

4. Syntax and Semantics

Structured literacy also incorporates instruction on the rules that govern sentence structure (syntax) and the meaning of words and sentences (semantics), ensuring a well-rounded approach to literacy.

What is the Science of Reading?

The science of reading refers to a comprehensive body of research that encompasses various disciplines, including cognitive science, psychology, and education. It focuses on understanding how reading develops and what effective instruction looks like. The key tenets of the science of reading include:

1. Evidence-Based Practices

The science of reading emphasizes the use of instructional strategies that are supported by empirical research. This means relying on proven methods that lead to successful reading outcomes.

2. Understanding the Reading Process

It delves into the cognitive processes involved in reading, including decoding, fluency, vocabulary acquisition, and comprehension.

3. A Focus on the Whole Child

The science of reading advocates for an understanding of the social, emotional, and environmental factors that can influence a child's ability to learn to read.

Comparing Structured Literacy and the Science of Reading

While structured literacy is often a practical framework used in classrooms, the science of reading provides the underlying research that supports this approach. Here are some key comparisons:

1. Framework vs. Research

Structured Literacy provides a clear framework for teaching reading.
Science of Reading offers the research and evidence that justify these instructional practices.

2. Application in the Classroom

Structured Literacy is often implemented in specific teaching programs and curricula.
Science of Reading informs broader educational policies and practices, advocating for a shift in how reading is taught at all levels.

3. Focus on Diverse Learners

Both approaches emphasize the need for tailored instruction to meet the diverse needs of learners. However, structured literacy places a stronger emphasis on systematic instruction, particularly for those with learning disabilities.

Conclusion

In conclusion, both structured literacy and the science of reading are essential to understanding and improving literacy education. Structured literacy offers a practical approach to teaching reading skills, particularly for struggling readers, while the science of reading provides the necessary research foundation to guide effective literacy instruction. By integrating insights from both, educators can create a more effective and inclusive reading instruction framework that supports all students in becoming proficient readers.